Smooth Listening In The Rocky Mountains

This is a view from the interstate of those Rocky Mountains. So different from our Appalachian Mountains, but still beautiful.

Last week we attended a training in Missoula, Montana on Linking Discovery and Job Development. It was held by Griffin-Hammis Associates in collaboration with the Rural Institute at the University of Montana. There are some links to Griffin-Hammis web site on the side and the Rural Institute. The different seminars focused on aspects of customized employment, discovery and job development. These ideas and practices that we have discussed and will continue to talk about in this blog. We wanted to venture out West to learn from colleagues, see how everyone else is doing things. What works in Seattle may work in WV and vice versa.

As with all seminars, each day had a theme, different educational pieces and activities/exercises to go along with them. The one I found the most interesting was during Day Two for the Information Interviews. We were given a list of businesses in a packet that had been contacted by Cary Griffin, who just knew some folks were going to come and chat with them. They didn't know how many or who, and were only given a loose idea of about what. We gave them our top 3 picks, we were sorted and away we went.

Cary Griffin explaining the concept of Information Interviews to us.

At an informational interview, it's not about getting a job at this point. (Of course, if the opportunity arises, don't ignore it.) It's about learning about that businessman and the business: how she got into this field, what he likes about it, is it a family-owned business, is your business a fixture in the community, what exactly do you do here (which is the question I had for Ross Johnson from Powder Coating of Montana--I had no idea what powder coating was!), etc...etc...

However, it's not like you have the owner on the hot seat, throwing question after question at them. Let the conversation grow organically and most of the questions you have, will be answered. This is called "smooth listening" Cary told us. Throw in an occasion question or idea when the conversation feels like it's going to stall, but don't be afraid of silence. Most of the time, silence makes people nervous & they'll start talking again. Also, take notes and don't interrupt and the most important thing I learned from the activity: don't dominate the conversation with items about yourself.

It's a pretty simple trap to fall into. You and the owner find that you have many things in common. You're very comfortable with each other and talking a lot. However, if you're sharing as much or more than the business owner, then what are you really learning? Sure, sharing a few anecdotal things about yourself during a conversation is normal, but the important thing for the Career Counselor/Job Developer to remember is that the information is supposed to be about the employer and the business.

There was quite a range of businesses a bicycle tour company, a television station and a market just to name a few. My group (pictured below) went to Powder Coating of Montana and spoke with one of the owners, Ross Johnson.

Above: The Power Coating Team: Joanne Savoie, director of adult day and vocational rehab services of J. Arthur Trudeau Memorial Center; Janet Steveley of Griffin-Hammis Associates; Ross Johnson, an owner of Powder Coating of Montana; Doug Bever, Outreach Coordinator of The Full Ahead Foundation of HOPE.

Not shown: Janis Longton, Self-Employment Coordinator & Employee Consultant for Career Concepts, Brian Connaughton and Tamara Woods Career Counselors at JSI.

When we visited Ross at his shop, a wealth of information was learned about how he got into this whole powder coating business. In the 70s his father worked for Champion at a paper mill and an employee died from a freak accident on site. As with any accident of that magnitude a job site OSHA was involved. Champion was told they needed to design a man-basket. Ross's father was given the task and he was able to patent it. Through the Lifting Technologies Inc. was created and from there Powder Coating of Montana in the 80s. He discussed how LTI has the cornerstone on the market and both companies are fixtures in Montanta. A large chunk of Powder Coating of Montana's business comes from LTI. His employees are trained on the job and turnover is very low. He showed us examples of his work, gave anecdotal stories and was a really engaging person to talk to.

After the exercise, we went to back to our conference room and shared our stories with each other. The thing I found the most interesting is not one story was really alike. All of these businesses were unique, the owners with varying personality traits and each group had a different way of talking to the proprietors. Therefore there's no one real approach to take to talking to them. I think there is sometimes a disconnect with people in the social service industry having to talk to business people: a sense of being out of your comfort zone. It's good to keep in mind that everyone has a story, whether it's the man, who vocational rehab has referred to you or the lady, who runs the general store down the street. Part of the job is just listening.

Demand...and Personal Genius

In the March 29th issue of Time Magazine, the focus is on the current recession and how employment will rebound across the country. President Obama, in his State of the Union address called jobs his " No. 1 focus and proposed repurposing bank-bailout money to lend to small businesses, which would then, presumably, generate jobs".

Though this statement sounds really good, this strategy will not necessarily solve the unemployment problem in the U.S. in the long term. The federal government may be able to assist with creating jobs in the short-term by hiring people directly or buying goods and services. However, if we are to create more jobs in the long run, it is not this simple. To create and sustain employment, there must be a demand for services and products. We need to get back to basics, so to speak, and realize that small business and the law of supply and demand are at the heart of job creation in this country.

The issue becomes how to create demand in the current economy? The answer lies in creating products or services that are unique in the sense that they offer something better. Where are these unique services and products offered? They will be offered by individuals and small businesses across this nation and by utilizing people's "personal genius" and making connections in communities.

It stuck me that approaches such as Customized Employment just make sense, whether the state of our economy is in the black or in the red. According to this article, the projected annual growth in employment over the next four years "will rebound differently across the U.S. In West Virginia, it is projected to grow less than 1.5 percent. Additionally, West Virginia is a state with the highest rate of "disability" and one of the highest unemployment rates. This is why we really need to "think outside the box" and find solutions to our unemployment crisis.

This article gives us reason to hope-in the example of how one man created a business five years ago and now has $120 million a year in sales. HomeAway was born out of one man's solution to a dilemma. He was puzzled as to why he could not go to one website to find a comprehensive list of houses for rent, so he and a business partner set up their own site. This is the stuff of what we term "personal genius"-seeing a need and fulfilling it by using our innate talents and perservering.

When reading this, I thought of the wonderful talents the job-seekers I have worked with have and of how excited I am to be assisting them in their endeavors, whether this includes wage or self-employment, or educational attainment. Each of us has this inside of ourselves, even if we don't always see it and finding this can unlock may doors. Doors that may have been closed to many of us for any number of reasons-prejudice, misunderstanding, labels people have place on us and so on.

There is reason to be cynical right now with the sad shape the country is in economically speaking. There is also reason to be positive and to learn from the experience. Let's begin listening more and talking less. Let's embrace people's personal genius and help them to put it to good use in order that they may make better lives for themselves and for others. Let's put America to work one person, one business at a time!

Self-Employment: Discovering What Was Always There (Part 1)

Neil has run a hobby lawn care and general labor business for most of his adult life, helping neighbors by mowing their lawns, assisting with preparation for moves and garage sales, and shoveling snow (see above). Growing up on a farm prepared him well for jobs involving hard work and persistence. He also is pretty good with a table saw and sander (also above)!

By spending a bit of time with Neil and his support, Job Squad learned about Neil's work with his neighbors. One neighbor described Neil as the very first person she met upon moving to her new home. She also said that Neil shoveled her walkway during a big snowstorm this past December--he asked her if she wanted him to shovel because he "didn't have anything else to do."

Another neighbor has worked on several projects with Neil and has paid him to mow the lawns of his daughter, niece, and nephew. Additionally, one of Neil's support staff is a partner in a local lawn care business.

When first meeting job seekers, Job Squad describes possible employment outcomes: wage employment, self-employment, or both wage and self-employment. As Dave Hammis says, (paraphrasing here on what I think I've heard): "Everywhere, everyone is working and working hard...especially in rural areas. Many people have just not found a way to get paid for their work." That's the trick and the point of Job Squad's work--to assist individuals to explore and maximize their interests, skills, and talents for use in income producing activity, resulting in paid work.

In Neil's case, why not try to support Neil to take his hobby business and, by using existing supports and relationships, step by step, turn it into a "proper" business?

How?

More to come!

Development in West Virginia

In Small is Beautiful: Economics as If People Mattered, E.F. Schumacher considers unemployment. Schumacher describes unemployment as "the non-utilization or gross under-utilization of available labor."

Economic Development, according to Schumacher, "is primarily a question of getting more work done." For an economy to develop, four conditions must be met:

1. Motivation
2. Know-How
3. Capital
4. Access to New Markets

Regarding motivation, Schumacher says that "there is little to be said from the outside. If people do not want to better themselves, they are best left alone."

Of know-how, he asks "What is education for?" and talks about the obligation of those with know-how, or education, to act as leaders for the larger community. Schumacher says that this is a view that is "well supported by all the higher teachings of mankind" and quotes St. Luke: "Much will be expected of the man to whom much has been given. More will be asked of him because he was entrusted with more."

Capital is necessary because productive work cannot be done without it--"in the form of equipment and also in working capital."

The last condition is markets, which Schumacher says is a problem for poor economies: "There is a very real problem because poverty means that markets are small and there is very little free purchasing power. All of the purchasing power that exists already, is, as it were, bespoken...if I start a new production in a poor (economy) there can be no local market for my products unless I divert the flow of purchasing power from some other product to mine."

All of the above, he says, "sounds very difficult and in a sense it is very difficult if it is done for the people, instead of by the people... Let's not mesmerise ourselves by the difficulties, but recover the commonsense view that work is the most natural thing in the world."

My question: What does this mean for Economic Development in West Virginia?

Schumacher describes economics as an inexact science--"(Economics) is in fact, or ought to be, something much greater: a branch of wisdom...economic life is still worth living because it is sufficiently unpredictable to be interesting. The future cannot be forecast, but it can be explored."

Should the term "Mental Retardation" be dropped? What is your opinion?
- Changes proposed in how psychiatrists diagnose -
ByLAURAN NEERGAARD (AP) – Feb 9, 2010 — Don't say "mental retardation" — the new term is "intellectual disability." No more diagnoses of Asperger's syndrome — call it a mild version of autism instead. And while "behavioral addictions" will be new to doctors' dictionaries, "Internet addiction" didn't make the cut.

Revising Book on Disorders of the Mind
By BENEDICT CAREY
Published: February 10, 2010
In a conference call on Tuesday, Dr. Regier, Dr. Kupfer and several other members of the task force outlined their favored revisions. The task force favored making semantic changes that some psychiatrists have long argued for, trading the term “mental retardation” for “intellectual disability,” for instance, and “substance abuse” for “addiction.”

According to the American Psychiatric Association website:

INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
"DSM-IV uses the term, “Mental retardation” (MR) to describe cognitive deficits. This term is outdated and considered pejorative by many, so the work group is considering a change to the term “Intellectual Disabilities”.

The usefulness of the four current categories (Mild MR, Moderate MR, Severe MR and Profound MR) is being examined, in comparison with a single category of Intellectual Disabilities, with diagnostic specifiers for 1) IQ and 2) Adaptive functioning.

The work group will seek feedback (through RFIs and meetings with stakeholder groups) on these changes in definition, as well as on the specific criteria to be proposed for the intellectual disabilities in DSM-5."
If you would like to leave your public comment on this, or other revisions, you can do so here.

Some other proposed changes being considered:

"The field is still trying to organize valid diagnostic categories. It's honest to re-look at what the science says and doesn't say periodically," said Ken Duckworth, medical director for the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill, which was gearing up to evaluate the draft.

The draft manual, posted at http://www.DSM5.org, is up for public debate through April, and it's expected to be lively. Among the autism community especially, terminology is considered key to describing a set of poorly understood conditions. People with Asperger's syndrome, for instance, tend to function poorly socially but be high-achieving academically and verbally, while verbal problems are often a feature of other forms of autism.

"It's really important to recognize that diagnostic labels very much can be a part of one's identity," said Geri Dawson of the advocacy group Autism Speaks, which plans to take no stand on the autism revisions. "People will have an emotional reaction to this."

Liane Holliday Willey, an author of books about Asperger's who also has the condition, said in an e-mail that school autism services often are geared to help lower-functioning children.

"I cannot fathom how anyone could even imagine they are one and the same," she wrote. "If I had put my daughter who has a high IQ and solid verbal skills in the autism program, her self-esteem, intelligence and academic progress would have shut down."

Terminology also reflects cultural sensitivities. Most patient-advocacy groups already have adopted the term "intellectual disability" in place of "mental retardation." Just this month, the White House chief of staff, Rahm Emanuel, drew criticism from former GOP vice presidential nominee Sarah Palin and others for using the word "retarded" to describe some activists whose tactics he questioned. He later apologized.
AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner in Chicago contributed to this report.